Just what can Vitamin C do for your cold?

I've been knocked out for more than a week with a cold. And as those who know me will tell you, I'm not a good patient. I'm used to being busy and keeping an active schedule, but sometimes our bodies have other plans. And despite social obligations and ongoing work pressures, there comes a time when the body just shuts down - forcing you to stay in and get much-needed rest.

Because I believe so much in the use of natural products and vitamins when it comes to healing ourselves, of course I turned to good old-fashioned Vitamin C to help fight off my cold. But is that really the best thing to cure what ails you?

WebMD.com says that we've been reaching for Vitamin C as a cold remedy since the 1970s. But apparently, recent studies "have found little to no benefit for Vitamin C preventing or treating the common cold." A 2007 study looked at whether taking 200 milligrams or more of daily C reduced the frequency, duration or severity of a cold (like mine). After examining 60 years of clinical research, this study found Vitamin C supplements don't make a cold much shorter or even much less severe.

Some studies found that while Vitamin C's benefits don't make much difference to average people, Mayo Clinic.com says that skiers and elite athletes--such as marathon runners--found its use reduced THEIR cold risk by about 50 percent.

Although vitamin supplements can be helpful, as always, the best source of vitamins is what we eat. Making sure we eat Vitamin C-rich fruits and vegetables and drink citrus-rich juices is the best source of this important nutrient. Our bodies require sound sleep, and we need to do everything we can to keep our hands washed and clean and free of as many germs as possible.

Perhaps it's good that we realize Vitamin C isn't the cure-all for our colds. Maybe we can stop looking for shortcuts and take a more holistic approach to overall health. And that's what will make a long-term difference.



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8 Foods to Avoid this Holiday Season

It’s the start of holiday season again and eating much is very inevitable. A lot of delicious foods would be popping out and you just can’t help it. Often times we could hear statements like “I’ll eat no matter what, it’s holiday season anyway, and who cares!”

According to studies, the season where most people gain weight is during the holiday seasons wherein Thanksgiving has been celebrated not too long before Christmas until the New Year.

To avoid terrible gains, here are 8 foods that you need to avoid during the holidays according to health.com

1. Cheese Straws – you may think that these cheese nibbles are better off than crackers but it’s not. They are made from a block of cheddar cheese combined with flour and up to a cup of butter. Not exactly the recipe for diet success.

2. Swedish Meatballs – tempting, but this lurking recipe contains 300 calories (a little less than half from fat of white bread, butter, heavy cream, and sodium-laden beef broth) in each serving.

3. Eggnog - Unfortunately, there’s not one redeeming nutritional aspect in eggnog. With ingredients like sugar, eggs, whipping cream, and bourbon, this is a holiday treat that’s best avoided.

4. Stuffed Potatoes - Baked potatoes are rich in vitamin C and fiber, but add in cheese, sour cream, and butter and you’ve negated all the health benefits.

5. Creamed Spinach – What happens when you combine healthy veggies like corn and spinach with cream, butter, and cheese? A side dish with more than 75% of your saturated fat for the day. You’re better off with a cheeseburger!

6. Pot roast – Even the trimmed, lean version of this popular holiday meat contains 7 grams of saturated fat. Fattier versions contain much more without the added calories from the gravy.

7. Fruitcake - Don’t let the name deceive you. Though this sweet treat contains fruit, it can also contain plenty of butter, sugar, and corn syrup.

8. Pecan Pie - Pecans are a high-cal nut on their own, but combine them with sugar, butter, and corn syrup and you’ve got a deadly dessert. A single slice will cost you more than 500 calories, 20 grams of fat, and 30 grams of sugar.



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The juice on juice

Health website WebMD gives the lowdown on what is good and what is not in juices:

Best choice: Vegetable juice, because it has less sugar and fewer calories than fruit juice and is loaded with fibre so you feel full.

Worst choice: Juice cocktails. Many contain only small amounts of real juice. Their main ingredients are usually water and some type of sugar, like high-fructose corn syrup. Similar to soft drinks, they are rich in sugar and calories, but low in nutrients.

Pure fruit juice: It is full of vitamins and disease-fighting antioxidants, but it can also be naturally high in sugar and calories. So limit yourself to one serving a day.

Pomegranate juice: High in sugar and calories, but it is abundant in antioxidants which help fight diseases like cancer.

Cranberry juice: Packed with vitamin C, which is vital for a healthy immune system. Blueberry juice: Believed to boost brain health. Animal studies suggest it can help protect against age-related conditions like dementia and Alzheimer's disease.

Red grape juice: As with red wine, the entire grape - including skin and seeds, where some nutrients reside - is used to make grape juice. It is said to be good for the heart.

Prune juice: It has long been recommended to relieve constipation because it is extremely high in fibre and contains a natural laxative called sorbitol. In addition, it is loaded with antioxidants, iron and potassium.

Orange juice: This breakfast staple is known for its immune-boosting benefits as it is loaded with vitamin C. Commercial types are often fortified with calcium and vitamin D, nutrients that strengthen the bones.



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Vitamin C may promote age-related cataract in women

Women who use high doses of vitamin C supplements may be at higher risk of age-related cataract, according to a new study in the Nov 18, 2009 issue of American Journal of Clinical Nutrition.

Women who used vitamin C supplements were 25 percent more likely than those who did not use to experience cataract exaction, the study found.

Early animal studies have shown adverse effects of high doses of vitamin C supplements on age-related cataract.

For the study, Rautiainen S and colleagues from Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden and other organizations followed 24,593 women aged 49 to 83 who participated in the Swedish Mammography Cohort between September 1997 and October 2005.

The participants were surveyed for their lifestyle via a self-administered questionnaire and incidence of cataract in the study population was recorded. During the 8.2-year follow-up, 2497 cataract extraction cases were identified.

Women who used vitamin C supplements for more than 10 years were 46 percent more likely than nonusers to have cataract extraction.

Compared with women who did not use vitamin C, The risk was increased by 56 percent in women who used both hormone replacement therapy and vitamin C supplements and increased by 97 percent in those who used supplements and corticosteroid.

The researchers conclude "Our results indicate that the use of vitamin C supplements may be associated with higher risk of age-related cataract among women."

Vitamin C is found high in fruit and vegetables. It has been known for many health benefits.



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Health tip of the day: Benefits of Saffron

Saffron is one of the highly prized and most expensive spices known since antiquity for its colour, flavour and medicinal properties. It is the dried "stigma" or threads of the flower of the S. crocus plant. The plant is a bulbous perennial plant that belongs to the family of iridaceae of the genus, Crocus and known botanically as Crocus sativus.

This exotic spice is a native of Southern Europe and now cultivated worldwide in many countries, particularly in Spain, Italy, France, Greece, Turkey, and Iran and in Jammu & Kashmir state of India.

The C. sativus plant grows to about 15-20 cm in height and bears lavender coloured flowers during each season which lasts from October till November. Each flower features perianth which consists of stalk, known as “style”, connecting to the three “stigmas” or threads to the rest of the plant. These orange-yellow colored stigmas along with the style constitute "saffron" which is used as spice.

Good crop production demands cool dry climate with well drained rich fertile soil and irrigation facilities or sufficient amount of rain fall. The flowers are generally harvested during the early morning hours and soon the stigma separated, allowed to dry and packed for marketing.

Saffron has distinct flavour because of the chemical components in it picrocrocin and safranal. It also contains a natural carotenoid chemical compound, crocin, which gives saffron its golden-yellow hue. These traits along with its medicinal properties make it a valuable ingredient in many foods worldwide.

Health benefits of Saffron

- Saffron contains many plant derived chemical compounds that are known to have anti-oxidant, disease preventing and health promoting properties.

- The flower stigma are composed of many essential volatile oils but the most important being safranal, which gives saffron its distinct hay-like flavour. Other volatile oils in saffron are 3,5,5-trimethyl-4-hydroxy-1-cyclohexanone-2-ene, cineole, phenethenol, pinene, borneol, geraniol, limonene, p-cymene, linalool, terpinen-4-oil, etc...

- This spice has many non-volatile active components; the most important of them is α-crocin, a carotenoid compound, which gives the stigmas their characteristic golden yellow colour. It also contains other carotenoids including zeaxanthin, lycopene, α- and β-carotenes. These are important antioxidants that helps protect body from oxidant induced stress, cancers, infections and acts as immune modulators.

- The active components in saffron have many therapeutic applications in many traditional medicines as antiseptic, antidepressant, anti-oxidant, digestive, anti-convulsant.

- This novel spice is a good source of minerals like copper, potassium, calcium, manganese, iron, selenium, zinc and magnesium. Potassium in an important component of cell and body fluids that helps control heart rate and blood pressure. Manganese and copper are used by the body as co-factors for the antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase. Iron is essential for red blood cell production and as a co-factor for cytochrome oxidases enzymes.

- It is also rich in many vital vitamins including vitamin A, folic acid, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin C that are essential for optimum health.

Nutritional value per 100 g.

Principle Nutrient Value - Percentage of RDA

Energy 310 Kcal 15.5%
Carbohydrates 65.37 g 50%
Protein 11.43 g 21%
Total Fat 5.85 g 29%
Cholesterol 0 g 0%
Dietary Fibre 3.9 g 10%

Vitamins

Folates 93 mcg 23%
Niacin 1.46 mg 9%
Pyridoxine 1.010 mg 77%
Riboflavin 0.267 mg 20%
Thiamin 0.115 mg 10%
Vitamin C 80.8 mg 90%
Vitamin A 530 IU 18%

Minerals

Calcium 111 mg 11%
Copper 0.328 mg 37%
Iron 11.10 mg 139%
Magnesium 264 mg 66%
Manganese 28.408 mg 1235%
Phosphorus 252 mg 36%
Zinc 1.09 mg 10%
Potassium 1724 mg 37%
Sodium 148 mg 10%

Selection and storage

Fresh saffron is available in the special spice markets. Try to buy dried whole stigma instead of powdered saffron since oftentimes it may adulterated. Choose well sealed pack from the authentic selling company which includes date of package and date of expiry.

Fresh spice should feature bright orange-yellow hue and each thread like stigma measuring 2 to 4cm in length. Avoid inferior quality product featuring grey color streaks or light spots on the stigma. This spice has characteristic pungent bitter-honey taste with pleasant aroma.

Store it in closed box and keep it in cool dark place away from the light since light rays oxidizes the pigments in saffron and offsets its flavour.

Medicinal use

- The active components present in saffron have many therapeutic applications in many traditional medicines since long time ago as anti-spasmodic, carminative, diaphoretic.

- Research studies have shown that, safranal, a volatile oil found in the spice, has antioxidant, cytotoxicity towards cancer cells, anticonvulsant and antidepressant properties.

- Αlfa-crocin, a carotenoid compound, which gives the spice its characteristic golden yellow colour, has anti-oxidant, anti-depressant, and anti-cancer properties.

Culinary uses

A pinch of fresh saffron is enough to enhance the flavour and colour the entire recipe. There are several methods to use it in the kitchen. Whole stigma can be added directly to the preparations, or oftentimes, the stigma are grounded and powdered using traditional hand mill and added to the recipes. In the third method, a pinch of saffron is added to a cup of hot water, steep; add this water to the recipes.

Safety profile

High doses of saffron can cat as uterine stimulant and in severe cases can cause miscarriage. Therefore pregnant woman may be advised to avoid it in their dishes.

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Health tip of the day: Benefits of Manganese

Manganese is an essential trace mineral. Human body contain about 12 to 20 mg. of manganese, which is concentrated in the liver, kidney, pancreas, skin, muscles and bones.

Manganese is needed for bone development and maintenance of strong bones. It is also important in the utilisation of thiamine, helps to activate enzymes that are necessary for the body's proper use of biotin, B1 and vitamin C.

Other Function of Manganese in the Body :

1- Manganese is important in the formation of thyroxin, the principal hormone of the thyroid gland.
2- Helps in the formation of substances that combat infection.
3- For protein build up such as nucleic acid.
4- Good adjunct in the treatment of diabetes such as eating of alfalfa and spinach.
5- Needed for failing memory.

Symptoms of Deficiency :

- Poor bone growth, Diabetes, Loss of weight, Slowed growth of hair and nails, Poor muscle coordination, Dizziness, Ear noises

Causes of Toxicity :

1- Few cases of manganese toxicity have resulted from ingesting large dose of the mineral supplement for 4 to 5 years.
2- Drinking water from well contaminated with manganese from buried batteries, and prolonged
3- Exposure and inhalation of ore dust.

Sign of Toxicity :

- Poor appetite, Apathy, Depression, Weakness, Impotence, Disturbed sleep, Temporary insanity, Dementia, Violence
- Parkinsonism (muscular rigidity, tremor, monotone voice, "frozen" masklike face).

Recommended Daily Intake :

- Daily Requirement - 5 mg.
- Supplemental Dosage - For tardive dyskinesia (abnormal or disordered movement) 30 to 60 mg. /day.

Food Sources :

- Green leafy vegetables, beans, whole grains (unpolished), nuts, coffee

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To Be Or Not To Be... Vegetarian

Many times when I am working with a client and trying to get a feel of what they like to eat, I hear, “Oh, I never eat red meat, it’s soo not good for you.” Being a carnivore (and Sephardic to boot!) I could never just stop eating red meat, cold turkey that is! (It’s still a great source of iron and a lean cut is pretty high in protein, vitamins, and isn’t high in fat.) But practically speaking, is there any health benefit to being a vegetarian? Can a diet without meat provide adequate nutrients?

A vegetarian does not eat meat, fish, or fowl, or any product containing them. A typical vegetarian diet focuses on grains, fruits, nuts, and vegetables; still, considerable variations exist. A lacto-ovo vegetarian avoids meat, fish, and poultry, but consumes dairy products and eggs. The lacto vegetarian consumes dairy but avoids meat, fish, poultry, and eggs. A vegan, or total vegetarian, excludes both dairy and eggs, obtaining all nutrients from plant sources. So how prevalent is vegetarianism in the U.S.? A 2006 poll conducted by the Vegetarian Resource Group found that 7% of adults never eat red meat and that 2.3% never eat meat, fish, or fowl. That’s no small cheese!

Why would someone want to choose to be a vegetarian? There are a variety of reasons people do so, including concern about the environment, animal welfare, or world hunger; or they simply don’t like the taste, never really ate meat often anyway, or believe it is unhealthy. Aside from a healthier lifestyle, religious beliefs and/or economic issues may also factor into this choice.

From a more traditional standpoint, the science of nutrition has focused mainly on the intake of nine nutrients that are adequate to promote growth and reproduction. Lately, however, this paradigm has been shifting towards focusing on an “optimal diet” which promotes not only health and longevity but also reduces the risk of diet-related chronic diseases or the prevention of other diseases, including cancer. A vegetarian eating plan can be adequate and optimal and may even provide numerous health benefits.

According to various studies, reduced red-meat consumption correlates with healthier cholesterol levels, other heart health benefits, and reduced rates of pancreatic and colorectal cancers. (Please note: It was unclear how much meat was consumed prior and subsequent to the study to produce that effect and how fatty the meats were.)

Studies have shown that a vegetarian diet may aid in weight management. In 2007, Burke and colleagues suggested that individuals that adhered to a lacto-ovo vegetarian regimen were able to reduce intakes of both fat and calories and therefore reduce overall body weight. Another comprehensive study published by the International Journal of Obesity and Related Metabolic Disorders (2003) examined the body mass index (BMI) of four different groups, including meat eaters, fish eaters, vegetarians, and vegans. The meat eaters had the highest BMI, followed by fish eaters and vegetarians. Vegans had the lowest BMI of all groups.

Contrary to popular belief, an individual’s protein requirements can be met solely with plant foods. Although animal proteins are considered “complete proteins,” since they contain all eight essential amino acids, plant sources of protein are lacking in one or more of them and are referred to as “incomplete” or “complementary” proteins. Some individuals know how to pair up the protein sources to get a complete protein. Some wholesome combinations include pasta and veggies, a peanut-butter sandwich (on whole grain bread—not just whole wheat!) with vegetable soup, or a green salad with walnuts and sunflower seeds.

When a variety of plant foods are consumed and adequate calorie levels are satisfied, the incomplete proteins will combine to form complete ones; the amino acids will find and join each other. If you don’t necessarily consume complementary proteins in the same meal, you can just consume them throughout the day.

Who needs meat, right? What’s the catch here? The challenge is getting enough of certain nutrients by eating a variety of foods. One such nutrient, vitamin B12, which contains cobalamine, biotin, and folic acid, may be lacking in vegetarians since it is found predominantly in meat protein. This is especially the case for pregnant and depressed individuals. The good news is that lacto-ovo vegetarians can get adequate B12 if they consume whole eggs and dairy regularly. Vegans have to be sure to consume fortified foods, such as breakfast cereals, nutritional yeast, or soy milk. Just some food for thought: spirulina, sea vegetables, and fermented soy products are not reliable sources of this important vitamin.

Vegetarians, especially vegans, must make sure to consume Vitamin D and calcium, both essential for bone health. Lack of Vitamin D can interfere with normal bone metabolism, leading to rickets in children and osteoporosis in adults. In a study by Barr (2002) of 90 vegetarians, 56 reported that their diets have become restrictive over time, and 48 planned more changes, specifically, to use fewer dairy products.

Furthermore, a Swedish study of 30 vegans concluded that intakes of calcium and vitamin D were below recommended guidelines. Specifically, when dairy products are omitted, fortified foods such as soy, milk, cereals, breads, and juices must be consumed. Unfortunately, vegetable sources of calcium, such as spinach, contain high amounts of oxalic acid, which interferes with absorption.

Foods rich in Vitamin D include fortified milk products, fatty fish such as salmon, and fish liver oils, most notably cod liver oil. Fortified foods and eggs from hens fed Vitamin D are also good sources. And the best source of Vitamin D is the sun! Just a few minutes a day is all you need. However, factors such as the use of sunscreen, the time of day, the season of the year, the level of the pigment melatonin in the skin, and even the distance one is from the equator, all limit the skin’s ability to produce this vitamin.

A vegetarian must also consume iron. Iron is a vital part of hemoglobin, a protein that transports oxygen in the blood. Iron intake is important during all stages of life, especially for growing children, and pregnant and menstruating women. The iron in meat, fish, and poultry is “heme” iron, which the body absorbs readily. The iron in dairy, eggs, plant foods, cereals, and breads is “non-heme,” which is less readily absorbed. However, foods rich in Vitamin C, such as tomatoes, oranges, and broccoli, aid in the absorption of non-heme iron.

So, if you ate spaghetti and tomato sauce, the Vitamin C in the sauce should help with absorbing the iron in the spaghetti. In addition, those individuals who exercise must make sure their iron levels are adequate, since many people, especially females who participate in intense, regular physical activity, report marginal to low levels of iron. Iron requirements may be 30% to 70% greater in active people as compared to sedentary people.

In conclusion, a well-planned vegetarian diet can be an excellent choice for maintaining a health-conscious lifestyle. Protein consumption is less of a concern than ingesting adequate vitamins and minerals from a variety of sources. So with careful planning, enjoy nature’s bounty to the fullest!



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Fight Flu Season with Anti-Oxidant Booze

Flu season is upon us, and that usually goes hand in hand with colds and the like.

NowSuffice it to say, we're in prime time to get sick. You could do what your mom always told you to do, and stock up on fruits and veggies until it looks like a produce truck exploded in your fridge. Or, you could drink your anti-oxidants.

Yes, as well-made Bloody Mary (with real tomatoes) will give you healthy doses of vitamin A, and a Screwdriver can net you some C ... but why not take it a step further and actually use alcohol that comes from or incorporates fruits with anti-oxidant properties?

For example, we all know about the mighty pomegranate, with 16% of an adult's daily vitamin C requirement per 100 ml serving, and is a good source of vitamin B5, potassium and antioxidant polyphenols. PAMA pomegranate liqueur is made with real pomegranate juice, so you can get the benefits of pomegranate juice with a loopy kick.

Want to make it work even harder for your immune system? Make a drink like Mother Nature's Mix, with 1 oz of PAMA, a 1/2 oz of Acai juice, 1/2 an oz of ginger honey and 3 oz of chilled green tea. Not only will the pomegranate enhance immune function, but the green tea helps lower chances of heart disease!

Meanwhile, VeeV is a liqueur made from Açaí, the national fruit of Brazil purported to be a superfood. Why? Not only does it have tons of anti-oxidants, but it also has a ton of vitamins C and E, calcium, dietary fiber, protein, Omega 3s, and an almost perfect amino acid complex. On top of that, Açaí's nutrients reportedly fight premature aging, promote cardiovascular and digestive health, and are essential to proper muscle contraction and regeneration.

So go ahead and make a VeeV Anti-Oxidant Cooler, with 2 oz of VeeV, a splash of pomegranate juice, 5 blueberries and 8 pomegranate seeds.Muddle the berries in a mixing glass and add the VeeV and pomegranate juice in a cocktail shaker. Shake and strain, pour into a chilled glass, and watch every illness you've ever had get annihilated. (Okay, not really. But wouldn't that be fun?)

Lemons are awesome sources of vitamin C, and they're also purported to be anti-bacterial. So why not put together an awesome martini using TRU Organic Lemon Vodka, which has an incredible flavor courtesy of real organic lemons. That's the base of their Skinny Blueberry Martini - 1.5 oz of TRU Organic Lemon vodka, chilled, with ¼ cup organic blueberries either fresh or frozen, lightly mashed and ¼ teaspoon of grated fresh ginger. You'll also need 1 oz of freshly squeezed lemon juice, 1 oz of agave nectar (which has a very low glycemic value) and 1 oz soda water.

Just chill the martini glass with some ice, muddle the berries with the ginger, then add lemon juice and sweetener. Stir in the vodka and pour everything into your glass, including the berries. Then, top it with soda. The best part is you get to take advantage of antioxidants and heart-healthy fiber by eating the fruit, not just straining the juice.

And last but not least, you can always go the easy route and pour yourself some wine. Red wine is known for being rich in polyphenolic antioxidants, so why not get your daily dose from Bonterra Vineyards, the home of some of the tastiest wines made from organic grapes? Plus, Bonterra's grapes are produced without the use of any artificial fertilizers or synthetic chemicals, and Bonterra wines have less sulfites than non-organic wines.

Okay, so it may not be the secret cure we're all hoping for... but it's certainly more fun to get your vitamins in liquid form!



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Health tip of the day: Benefits of Vitamin C

Vitamin C is one of the most important anti-oxidant. It is important to know that Vitamin C is not produced by the body; therefore it is necessary to take a huge amount of it. When people age their natural Vitamin C level decreases, so as you get older you should take a higher dose of vitamin C to prevent this decrease.

The white blood cells which defend our body against bad elements, like bacterial invasion, need a huge amount of vitamin C to do its work. If the defense system of the body is not in good condition it will not do its work to defend our body from the enemies, the result of that is an illness and infection.

Things to know when taking Vitamin C:

- Vitamin C has diuretic effect so it is important to drink plenty of water.

- Vitamin C is sensitive to light, air, and heat, so it is best to eat fruits and vegetables raw or minimally cooked in order to retain their full vitamin C content.

- Taking Vitamin C with oat bran causes more to be absorbed into the body, increasing its health benefits. Oats is beneficial in lowering cholesterol in the blood.

Therapeutic Properties of Vitamin C:

- When a person have a throat infection or symptoms of the cold, it is important that she/he drink lemon juice or other citrus fruits that is rich in Vitamin C.

- Vitamins C are also good in the treatment of Urinary tract infection, and Respiratory system like Asthma, Bronchitis, and Chest Colds. It helps dryness of the mucous membrane in the lungs. There is a study that Vitamin C deficiency increases risk of lung cancer.

- Arteriosclerosis (hardening of the arteries) is related to the lack of Vitamin C. A good dose will help lower cholesterol level in the blood.

- Vitamin C is important in the formation of collagen, an essential substance for the whole body. Abnormal functioning of collagen can produce; Aging, Muscular Pain, Gout, Rheumatic Fever, Rheumatoid arthritis, Colitis, and Inflammation of the Blood vessels. This condition can be stop if collagen has the ability to regenerate itself quickly. The only way that can happen is through a large intake of Vitamin C.

- Premature Aging, vitamin C is a great antidote for neutralizing free radicals than will cause premature again.

- Degenerative Diseases of the Eyes, many people who supplements with Vitamin. C has fewer eye problems; Doctors recommend 500mg - 1000mg daily

Recommended Dosage:

- People who will just take vitamin C for supplement can take 100mg - 500mg 2x a time after me
- People who are treating some illnesses should take 500mg - 1000mg.
- People who will take more than 1000mg per daily should consult their Doctor.

Sources of Vitamin C:

oranges, green peppers, watermelon, papaya, grapefruit, cantaloupe, strawberries, kiwi, mango, broccoli, tomatoes, cauliflower, cabbage, and citrus juices or juices fortified with Vitamin C. Raw and cooked leafy greens (turnip greens, spinach), red and green peppers, canned and fresh tomatoes, potatoes, winter squash, raspberries, blueberries, cranberries and pineapple

FDA Warns About Misleading NyQuil Labels Promoting Vitamin C Benefits

Labels on some bottles of the popular over-the-counter cold remedies Vicks NyQuil and DayQuil contain false and misleading claims about the health benefits of vitamin C contained in the products, the Food and Drug Administration said.


The FDA has sent a warning label to Procter and Gamble Co., the maker of the products, to point out that agency rules forbid combining vitamin C and other active ingredients in the over-the-counter products.

NyQuil and DayQuil bottles also have run afoul of the FDA because they list vitamin C as an inactive ingredient, officials said.

“Because the vitamin C in these products is an active drug ingredient, it is therefore both false and misleading to state that it is an inactive ingredient in these drug products,” the FDA wrote in a letter sent to the company, according to a Reuters news report.

The labels on DayQuil Plus Vitamin C say the products contain more than 150 percent of the recommended daily value of vitamin C. The FDA said listing vitamin C as both a dietary ingredient and an inactive ingredient in the labeling is misleading and confusing to consumers.

Procter and Gamble said the way vitamin C is promoted on the NyQuil and DayQuil labels is designed to distinguish the benefits provided by the products’ active ingredients compared to the dietary supplement use of vitamin C.

The company issued a statement saying it is “marketing within the FDA regulations and will work with the FDA to resolve the concern together.” The FDA asked Procter & Gamble to respond within 15 days to say how the company plans to address the concerns about labeling claims.

Bayer Products Also Cited for Labeling Claims

This is not the first time the FDA has warned drug manufacturers about labeling claims of benefits from dietary supplements. In October 2008, the agency said some over-the-counter Bayer aspirin products were being illegally marketed because they contained dietary supplements that had not been proven effective. The pain relievers involved in that FDA action were Bayer Aspirin with Heart Advantage and Bayer Women’s Low Dose Aspirin + Calcium.

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Fall for 10 healthy autumn edibles

The move from summer to fall can be bittersweet: Clearing out the summer clothes to make way for sweaters, and prepping for cold and flu season, and trying to cope with your ragweed allergy. But the seasonal food switch is nothing but sweet - and warm and flavorful and super-nutritious.

Fall for these 10 healthy autumn edibles:

Apples: How you like them apples? There are reasons why apples are the old autumn harvest standby, the magical super-fruit that's supposed to keep the doctor away. At about 80 calories each, apples provide vitamin C and lots of beneficial fibre. Both the soluble and insoluble fibre found in apples help to support healthy digestion and cholesterol levels. Considering the sheer variety of apple types, you could eat an apple a day and never tire of the sometimes tart, sometimes sweet, always good-for-you flavours.

Beets: Beets are versatile, low in calories, naturally sweet, and packed with nutritional B-enefits. Beets are full of folate, a B vitamin crucial to healthy cell growth, especially during pregnancy. Two more B's abundant in beets: betacyanin, a pigment that is a potentially powerful antioxidant, and betaine, a heart-protective nutrient. Beets are also a great source of fibre.

Bell peppers: Get in on the crunch and colour of bell peppers when they're at their best and most abundant, from August through October. Minus the capsaicin that makes other peppers so hot, bell peppers offer a cooler, crisper, sweeter pepper flavour to foods. And just one cup of any colour bell provides nearly 300% of the vitamin C you need in one day! Combine that with over 100% of daily vitamin A, and bell peppers burst with antioxidant power. Munch on sliced raw peppers, sauté with a lean protein like tofu or chicken, stir-fry with other veggies, or dice onto a salad for some crunch.

Brussels sprouts: These little mini-cabbage look-alikes belong to the Brassica family of cruciferous vegetables, along with broccoli, kale, and spinach. Though Brussels sprouts top many a least-favoured veggie list, they are worth a bite. Cut a cup of these pods into quarters and braise them along with your favourite herbs and spices for a delicious dose of vitamins and minerals. That one cup yields a quarter of a day's folate, 15% of the fibre and potassium you'll need, 10% of the iron and omega-3 fatty acids, and a staggering 161% of your daily vitamin C requirements.

Cranberries: Bright red and tart to the tongue, cranberries crop up in the autumn to add to the colourful foliage. Whether plucked off a berry bush or cultivated in shallow, sandy pools, cranberries pack in lots of fibre and vitamin C. Because of their unique nutritional profile, cranberries have earned a reputation as a protective food against the bacteria that often cause urinary tract and bladder infections. Toss a handful of the berries into a mixed fruit salad, add them to a vinaigrette salad dressing, mix into hot oatmeal, or bake into muffins and cookies.

Figs: Figs are small, low-calorie fruits, but they are densely packed with nutritional benefits. Potassium, which is essential for proper heart, kidney, and muscle function, is abundant in figs, as is bone-building calcium. And 8 ounces of fresh figs yields 30% of your daily recommended fibre. As with any fruit, figs are a great source of antioxidant vitamins. Extract of fig leaves has also shown potential to support the health of people with diabetes.

Pears: Though softer, sweeter, and more delicate, pears provide just as much vitamin C and fibre as their apple kin. Add to the pear's profile the benefits of the antioxidant mineral copper and a juicy, buttery texture that makes the fruit a natural poached, sliced onto salads, or chunked into hot cereal.

Pumpkins and other squash: The rich, deep colours of pumpkin and other types of squash give a hint at the plentiful nutrients within. Vitamin A, in the form of beta-carotene, is abundant in these gourds. Beta-carotene is an antioxidant essential to healthy vision, and it may also boost the immune system and protect the body from the kind of free radical damage that may cause heart and blood vessel disorders and cancer. Squash provides plenty of potassium, a mineral that helps to regulate the kidneys and the heart, as well as the muscles and nerves. You'll also find tons of fibre in these fine fruits, which helps to reduce cholesterol, maintain intestinal health, and moderate blood sugar levels.

Parsnips: Parsnips don't land on too many "superfood" top ten lists, but that's only because they tend to be overshadowed by other veggies. They look a bit like pale carrots, but they actually contain much more heart-friendly potassium and folate than carrots. Folate is a B vitamin required for the creation of healthy cells, and having insufficient levels of it has been linked to cancer and birth defects. Parsnips may have only half the protein and vitamin C of potatoes - but they boast more fibre.

Sweet potatoes and yams: Whether you choose the more common sweet potato or the harder-to-find yam, you'll dine on a nutritious, low-calorie vegetable. Of the two, sweet potatoes have more iron and are a better source of antioxidant vitamin A, but yams have more fibre. The two are about equal in heart-helper vitamin B6, but yams pack more of a punch than sweet potatoes for potassium, which is needed for proper heart, kidney, and muscle function.

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10 superfoods that can improve your life

These dietary dynamos fight everything from cholesterol to cancer, helping you live a longer, healthier life.

Not all foods were created equal -- some are so packed with vitamins, minerals, antioxidants, essential fatty acids and other beneficial substances that they've been deemed "superfoods." Superfoods have incredible health benefits, packing a powerful nutritional punch that helps protect against cancer and heart disease, lower cholesterol, protect the organs from toxins and improve digestive health. Some nutritionists even say superfoods can help you live longer.


Here are 10 superfoods that can supercharge your diet, including fruits, vegetables, dairy, legumes, grains and fish.


Açai: This exotic berry from the Amazon has been the subject of intense hype, but there's a good reason why it's so trendy. Named by famed nutritionist Dr. Nicholas Perricone as his No. 1 superfood and one of the most powerful foods in the world, açaí (ah-sigh-ee) contains a remarkable concentration of antioxidants, amino acids and essential fatty acids. It's considered one of nature's best offerings to combat premature aging thanks to its high monounsaturated oleic acid content. Oleic acid helps omega-3 fish oils penetrate cell membranes, making them more supple.


Yogurt: It's alive! Yogurt contains active cultures known as "friendly bacteria" that restore healthy balance in the digestive system. Among the most well-known cultures is Lactobacillus acidophilus, which passes through the stomach and populates the intestines, helping the body fight off infection. One cup contains 50 percent more calcium than the same size serving of milk, and it's also full of potassium, riboflavin, magnesium and phosphate.


Broccoli: This cruciferous vegetable is loaded with vitamin C, folic acid and carotenoids, which are packed with vitamin A and can protect your cells from the damage of free radicals, enhance immune system function and improve reproductive health. Just one serving (1 medium stalk) provides 175 percent of the recommended daily value of vitamin K, which helps build strong bones and plays an important role in blood clotting. Just half a cup of broccoli per day is also said to help prevent a number of cancers, particularly cancers of the lung, colon, rectum and stomach.


Lentils: Among the most nutritious legumes, lentils are a great source of cholesterol-lowering fiber and lean protein. They contain lots of iron and B vitamins and are very filling, yet low in calories. Folate and magnesium also contribute to heart heath and improve the flow of blood, oxygen and nutrients throughout the body.


Sweet potatoes: They'll satisfy your craving for starches but are far healthier than their white, nutritionally lacking cousins. Carotenoids, vitamin C, potassium and fiber are just a few of the benefits of eating this savory-sweet veggie, which is ranked among the highest vegetables on the nutrition scale. Sweet potatoes can help stabilize blood sugar, making them a great choice for diabetics, and are relatively low in calories.


Blueberries: Hidden within the juicy, deep blue-purple flesh of this tasty fruit is cancer-fighting ellagic acid, an antioxidant that has been proven in laboratory research to slow the growth of some cancerous tumors. Blueberry extracts have also been shown to have anti-inflammatory properties and help prevent infectious bacteria from clinging to the walls of the gut, bladder and urethra.


Wild salmon: Packed with omega-3 fats, wild salmon can help reduce the risk of sudden-death heart attacks and contains lots of vitamin D and selenium for healthy hair, skin, nails and bones. Wild salmon can be eaten with little fear of mercury or excess contaminants and is more nutritionally rich than farmed salmon. Wild salmon also has a smaller environmental impact. Consume two to four four-ounce servings a week for optimal benefits.


Goji berries: They've been called the most nutritionally dense food on Earth, and they taste something like salty raisins. Lycium barbarum, commonly known as goji berries, contain more vitamin C than oranges, more beta carotene than carrots and more iron than steak. The dried Himalayan fruit is also a great source of B vitamins and antioxidants and contains 15 amino acids. Goji has been used medicinally in China for centuries to improve blood circulation, strengthen the limbs, improve eyesight, protect the liver, increase libido and boost immune function.


Kale: A dark, leafy green in the same vegetable family as broccoli and Brussels sprouts, kale contains high amounts of beta carotene, iron and folate. It's also a low-calorie, low-carb source of protein that's packed with fiber, which improves digestive health and helps you feel full. A small cupful of cooked kale provides more than half the recommended daily allowance of vitamin C.


Barley: This low-glycemic grain is high in both soluble and insoluble fiber, which help the body metabolize fats and promote a healthy digestive tract, respectively. Eating hulled barley on a regular basis is said to lower blood cholesterol levels, protect against cancer and keep blood-sugar levels stable. Barley is rich in niacin, vitamin E, lignans and phytochemicals that function as antioxidants.



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Do Vitamin Supplements work?

Vitamin Supplementation is huge worldwide. Most of us take vitamins now or have taken vitamins in the past.
Here are some statistics compiled by the Consumer Healthcare Products Association (CHPA) on supplementation:

The US ranks top in dietary supplementation globally.18.9% of Americans had taken at least one dietary supplement in 2004. Over 100 million Americans use vitamin and mineral supplements everyday.
The “global self-medication market” has become a multi-billion dollar industry and the dietary supplement sector is growing the fastest – 16% in 1998 alone. In the US, retail sales of supplements reached $11.3 billion in 2000.

The most common reason for supplement use is “to improve overall health and general well being.” It is a popular belief that vitamins are antioxidants and can therefore protect us from oxidative stress that causes many health conditions.

The most common health conditions that call for supplementation are menopause, cough, cold, flu, sore throat, and allergies or sinus conditions.

The third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III), 1988–94 reported that about 40% of Americans, starting at age 2 months, have taken some kind of dietary supplement.

The most common supplements taken are: multivitamin/multiminerals – 22% multivitamins plus vitamin C – 15% vitamin C as a single vitamin – 13% herbal and botanical supplements – 7% vitamin E as a single vitamin – 6%

Over the years, more and more reports on the health benefits of vitamin supplements have emerged, ranging from cardiovascular benefits to cancer prevention. This is mainly due to the antioxidant properties of vitamins that can protect us from oxidative stress. As a result several studies have been conducted to confirm these reports. Some of the latest studies summarized below reveal surprising results to say the least.

Disease prevention and mortality

One of the very first studies to comprehensively investigate the health effects of vitamin supplements was conducted by Danish researchers in 2007. They performed a meta-analysis on data pooled from several clinical trials which used supplementation of the antioxidant vitamin A, vitamin E, beta-carotene, vitamin C and selenium used as stand-alone or as combination supplements to treat a wide range of health conditions, from cardiovascular disorders to cancer. Their results were a surprising, even troubling. For one, no benefits of these “antioxidant supplements” were found. Second, supplementation with vitamins A and E and beta-carotene (but not vitamin C and selenium) actually increased overall mortality. This study prompted other researchers to take a second look at the benefits of vitamin supplements.

In a more recent review paper, the same researchers performed another meta-analysis of more data from several clinical trials, this time involving over 200,000 people who are healthy as well as those with existing health conditions. The researchers only considered studies which compared the efficacy of antioxidant supplements against placebos in the primary and secondary prevention of different medical conditions. The authors reported that they “found no evidence to support antioxidant supplements for primary or secondary prevention. Vitamin A, beta-carotene, and vitamin E may increase mortality.”

Cancer

Another meta-analysis investigated the anti-cancer properties of antioxidant supplements, particularly against gastrointestinal cancers. They looked at data of trials which studied beta-carotene, vitamins A, C, and E and selenium. The authors concluded that “we could not find convincing evidence that antioxidant supplements prevent gastrointestinal cancers.”

One of the most recent developments in vitamin supplement research is the long-term SELECT (Selenium and Vitamin E Cancer Prevention Trial) study of the National Cancer Institute (NCI). The study evaluated the efficacy of selenium and Vitamin E in preventing prostate cancer and enrolled 35,000 male participants in the US, Puerto Rico, and Canada. The participants were randomly assigned to one of 3 groups: group 1 were given vitamin E supplements only, group 2 were given only selenium, group 3 took both supplements in combination, and group 4 were given placebos only. Five years into the study, the NCI decided to stop the trial because of some “concerning” findings, namely:

1. The analysis found no lower risk of prostate cancer in men taking the supplements, either alone or together.

2. Men who were taking only vitamin E actually had a slightly higher risk of developing prostate cancer.

3. Men taking only selenium seemed to have a slightly higher risk of developing diabetes.

Another study evaluated the efficacy of combined folic acid, vitamin B6, and vitamin B12 in reducing cancer risk among women. Their result show that combined folic acid, vitamin B6 and vitamin B12 treatment had no significant effect on overall risk of total invasive cancer or breast cancer among women during the folic acid fortification era.

A study published in December 2008 evaluated whether vitamins C and E and beta carotene supplementation have an effect on overall cancer risk. The data was taken from the Women's Antioxidant Cardiovascular Study and involved 8,171 women who were cancer-free at the start of the study about 9.4 years ago. The findings of the study showed that “supplementation with vitamin C, vitamin E, or beta carotene offers no overall benefits in the primary prevention of total cancer incidence or cancer mortality.”

Cardiovascular disorders

The Women’s Health Initiative Calcium/Vitamin D Trial evaluated the effects of vitamin D and calcium supplements on blood pressure and risk for hypertension risk of 36,252 healthy postmenopausal women. The women were assigned in 2 groups: one group received a daily supplement of 1000 mg of calcium plus 400 IU of vitamin D3 daily. The other group received placebo only. The researchers reported that “in postmenopausal women, calcium plus vitamin D3 supplementation did not reduce either blood pressure or the risk of developing hypertension over 7 years of follow-up.”

The Physicians' Health Study II evaluated whether vitamin E or vitamin C have cardioprotective properties that can reduce risk for CVD in men. A total of 14,641 American doctors were enrolled in the study, aged 50 years and older, and were followed up for 8 years. The study results showed that “neither vitamin E nor vitamin C supplementation reduced the risk of major cardiovascular events. These data provide no support for the use of these supplements for the prevention of cardiovascular disease in middle-aged and older men.”

This study evaluated whether antioxidant (vitamins E, C and/or beta-carotene) supplements can prevent atherosclerosis. The researchers performed a meta-analysis of 22 trials which involved 134,590 participants. The researcher conclude that “…the majority of studies included in this review does not support a possible role of antioxidant supplementation in reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease … no definite conclusion can be drawn to justify the use of antioxidant vitamin supplements for the prevention of atherosclerotic events.”

Folic acid is routinely prescribed for pregnant women to prevent birth defects such as spina bifida. It has also been thought that folic acid, which reduced the levels of homocysteine in the blood, can prevent cardiovascular disease. Homocysteine is an amino acide used as biomarker for cardiovascular disorder. This trial investigated whether a vitamin combination pill with folic acid, vitamin B6, and vitamin B12 (vs. a placebo) can reduce cardiovascular risk. It enrolled more than 5,400 American women with a history of cardiovascular disease or with moderate to high risk profile for ccardiovascular disease. After 7.3 years of treatment and follow-up, a combination pill of folic acid, vitamin B6, and vitamin B12 did not reduce a combined end point of total cardiovascular events among high-risk women, despite significant homocysteine lowering.

While most of the evidence from studies summarized here does not seem to support the health benefits of vitamin supplements, there are some studies which indicate that vitamin D supplementation is worthwhile, even essential.
Vitamin D is unique because we cannot get our vitamin D requirements from food alone. Instead, vitamin D is synthesized by the body upon exposure of the skin to the sun, thus earning it the title “sun vitamin.” However, since the sun is said to cause skin cancer, people tend to avoid exposure leading to widespread vitamin D deficiency.

Vitamin D deficiency is associated with a large number of health problems including osteoporosis, rickets, cancer and autoimmune disorders.

American health experts are convinced of the necessity of vitamin D supplements and thus, routinely prescribe vitamin D supplements even for newborn babies. Milk and other dairy products in the US are fortified with vitamin D but not in many parts of the world. Last year, the American Academy of Pediatrics updated its guidelines for vitamin D supplementation to recommend the doubling of the dose for babies and children from 200 IU to 400 IU per day.

According to a review paper, “vitamin D is not only important for calcium metabolism and maintenance of bone health throughout life, but also plays an important role in reducing risk of many chronic diseases including type I diabetes, multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, deadly cancers, heart disease and infectious diseases.


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